What's Happening?
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have discovered that the tardigrade-produced protein Dsup, known for its DNA-protective properties, presents significant challenges when considered for use
in protecting astronauts from cosmic radiation. While Dsup can shield DNA from radiation and mutagenic chemicals, it also reduces cell fitness and can be lethal at high concentrations. The protein works by surrounding DNA, which impedes essential cellular processes like DNA replication and repair. This finding complicates previous suggestions that Dsup could be used to protect astronauts by delivering it via mRNA technology, similar to COVID-19 vaccines. The study highlights the need for precise control over Dsup production within cells to avoid detrimental effects.
Why It's Important?
The potential application of Dsup in space exploration is significant due to the high levels of radiation astronauts face, which can lead to serious health risks. The discovery that Dsup can be harmful at certain levels underscores the complexity of using biological solutions for radiation protection. This research impacts the future of space travel safety, as it suggests that while Dsup has protective benefits, its application must be carefully managed to prevent adverse effects. The findings also influence ongoing research into using Dsup for other purposes, such as protecting healthy cells during cancer radiation therapy, highlighting the broader implications for medical and space industries.
What's Next?
Future research will focus on developing methods to control Dsup production within specific cells and at safe levels. This involves advancing delivery systems that can target the right cells without affecting the entire organism. The pharmaceutical industry is likely to invest in solving these challenges, given the potential applications in both space travel and medical treatments. Researchers will continue to explore the mechanisms of Dsup to better understand how to harness its protective properties without compromising cell health.
