What's Happening?
A World Bank report titled 'Continental Drying: A Threat to Our Common Future' reveals a significant decline in global freshwater reserves, with a 3% annual reduction in average supply. The situation is more severe in arid regions, experiencing a 10%
depletion. The report highlights that between 2000 and 2019, water consumption increased by 25%, with a third of this rise occurring in dry areas. The agriculture sector, responsible for 98% of water use, is identified as a major contributor to wasteful consumption due to inefficient practices. Additionally, the concept of 'virtual water trade' is discussed, where 25% of global water in 2019 was used for export products, exacerbating local shortages.
Why It's Important?
The decline in freshwater reserves poses a significant threat to global water security, particularly in dry regions. The increase in water consumption, driven by population growth and inefficient agricultural practices, further strains these resources. The 'virtual water trade' phenomenon highlights the imbalance in water distribution, as water-intensive products are prioritized for export over local needs. This situation could lead to severe water shortages, impacting agriculture, industry, and daily life. The report underscores the need for sustainable water management practices to address these challenges and ensure long-term water availability.
