What's Happening?
Pakistan's agriculture sector, a crucial component of its economy, is experiencing significant challenges due to a combination of climate shocks and policy missteps. The sector, which contributes nearly a quarter of the country's GDP and employs over
a third of the population, has seen a decline that raises concerns about food security and rural livelihoods. The situation is particularly dire in Punjab, which produces nearly 70% of Pakistan's food grains. Erratic weather, rising input costs, and inconsistent government policies have severely disrupted farming activities. The Economic Survey of Pakistan 2024-25 recorded agricultural growth at a mere 0.56%, with major setbacks in the crop sector due to reduced acreage, falling yields, and market instability. Flooding during the monsoon season further exacerbated the crisis, causing significant agricultural losses.
Why It's Important?
The decline in Pakistan's agriculture sector has far-reaching implications for the country's economy and food security. As agriculture is a major contributor to GDP and employment, its downturn threatens to exacerbate poverty and food insecurity. The crisis highlights the need for urgent reforms in agricultural policies and practices to address structural flaws and improve resilience against climate shocks. The situation also underscores the importance of coordinated governance and effective policy implementation to support farmers and stabilize the sector. Without significant changes, Pakistan risks prolonged food insecurity, increased reliance on imports, and deepening rural distress.
